Litorina tuberculataMenke, 1828, p. 25 [Basis of the current name] Type Locality: Not stated Range: 18°N to 9.4°N; 82.3°W to 59.6°W Depth: -1 to 0 m (live -1 to 0 m) Maximum Reported Size: 18 mm Distribution: Colombia: Offshore islands; Panama, Colombia; ABC Islands: Curacao; Venezuela: Gulf of Venezuela, Carabobo; Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia; St. Vincent & the Grenadines: Grenada; Barbados References: Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) NE{W}T; Olsson & McGinty (1958) SW; Díaz & Puyana (1994) M; Williams et al. (2003) c Comments: Non Turbo tuberculatus Wood, 1828, which is a synonym of Tectarius antonii. Menke based the species on "Trochus nodulosus, minor, Gm." Gmelin (1791: 3582) under Trochus nodulosus said "Habitat in Oceano australi, et (minor) mari, Americam meridionalem alluente, tuberculis minutis albis". These last three words have been taken as constituting a description, but apply to the species as a whole. The neotype designated by Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) omits statement of reasons for believing the type material is lost (ICZN Article 75.3.4). Records from Cuba and the Bahamas are referrable to Echinolittorina dilatata (see Bandel & Kadolsky (1982). Gibb's (2000) record from Quintana Roo, Mexico needs confirmation. Combining Genera: Littorina Nodilittorina Tectarius
Littorina dilatatad'Orbigny, 1841b, p. 207, pl. 14, figs. 20-23 [Synonym] Type Locality: Environs de la Havane and Florida Range: 32.3°N to 9.65°N; 82.65°W to 61.3°W Depth: 0 m (live 0 m) Maximum Reported Size: 17 mm Distribution: USA: Florida: East Florida, Florida Keys; Costa Rica, Bermuda, Bahamas: Grand Bahama Island, Abaco (Great or Little), New Providence, Cat Island; Cuba: North Havana Province, North Matanzas, Cienfuegos, Guantanamo; Jamaica, Haiti; Virgin Islands: St. Thomas; St. Vincent & the Grenadines: St. Vincent References: d'Orbigny (1841b) {W}; Higgins & Marrat (1877) {S}E; Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) N{M}T; Fernández Milera (1998); Redfern (2001) M; Williams et al. (2003) c; Espinosa & Ortea (2003a) SW; Reid (2009) s Comments: Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) distinguished this species primarily on the basis of the radula, but Reid (2009) showed that it was not genetically distinct from E. tuberculata, so the radula differences are presumably ecophenotypic. Combining Genera: Nodilittorina Tectarius
Echinella matanzensis Richards, 1935, [Synonym] References: Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) s (of dilatata); Reid (2009) s
Litorina trochiformis var. minorPhilippi, 1846f, p. 143, not figured [Synonym] Type Locality: Not stated References: Mörch (1876a: 133); Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) s Comments: Reid (2009: 70) has argued that Philippi did not intend minor as a taxonomic name as it was not set in the widely spaced font used for such names in the work. There are several places, however, where Philippi neglected to use this font for taxonomic names (e.g., pp. 58-59, footnote), so nothing can be inferred from its omission. Philippi did not use the name as valid, but introduced it in the synonymy of L. thiarella Anton. The name was first used as valid by Mörch (1876a: 133), and so dates from its introduction in synonymy (ICZN Article 11.6.1). Reid (2009) has argued that Mörch's usage was infrasubspecific, as the same varietal name is used repeatedly for different taxa, but there is no ICZN rule saying such names are infrasubspecific. Some of Mörch's varities are clearly intended as descriptive terms, not taxonomic, in being multi-word, but the ICZN Code requires consistency only in the use of binominal nomenclature, not trinominal.
Litorina thiarellaAnton, 1838, p. 53 [Synonym] Type Locality: Not stated Maximum Reported Size: 6.5 mm References: Anton (1838) M; Bandel & Kadolsky (1982) s
Partial List of References
Anton, H. E. 1838. Verzeichniss der Conchylien xvi + 110 pp. [Stated date: 09 Oct 1838.] d'Orbigny, A. 1841. Mollusques Histoire Physique, Politique et Naturelle de l'île de Cuba 1 1-240, pls. 1-10?. Arthus Bertrand: Paris. [Stated date: -- --- 1853; true date: -- --- 1841.] Menke, K. T. 1828. Synopsis methodica Molluscorum xii + 91 pp. Author: Pyrmont. [True date: post Feb.] Philippi, R. A. 1846. Litorina Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien 2(5) 139-146, pl. 2. [Stated date: -- Oct 1846.]
